Alternating-current motor.



VJQFYHPL- AE-TERNATINB, CPRRENI MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED DEC. I5. I9".

1,248,474. I mm DQ441911 mam inducing winding on the-primal"; These exciting brushes preferablye'eoiiperate the same inductive relation 'with respect to the inducing winding. It is however sufii cient to use only one -of,these wmdmgs for UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

VALERE A. FYNN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI,

ASSIGNOB TO WAGNER ELECTRIC MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

'aLrsnNarmo-cvnam MOTOR.

, rent Motor, of which the following is sue i a full, clear, and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art'to which it appertains to-make and use the same, ref erence being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to single-phase alternating current motors and is particularly applicable to machines of this type in which at least a part of the total energy utilized in the rotor is conveyed to'it by induction. Y

It is the purpose of my invention to pro- 'vide simple means for adjusting the speed of such motors.

In carrying out my invention in connection with a motor havin a shunt characteristic, I two wor in and one exciting circuit, cross the axeso the working circuits, connect them in'series or in parallel, conductively impress an E. M. F. on the workin circuits and provide means for displacing t eir axes.- I prefer to dispose the working axes symmetrically with res ect tothe. axis of .the magnetization pro need by the inducing member and to displace .them in o posite directions and by equal amountsor'tho purpose of-regulation', 'In one form of m'y improved motor I provide the induced memher with two independent commuted wind-' ings, and also with one set of stationary exciting and two sets of movable working brushes. I dispose the stationary brushes along the motor field axis, orgthat which. is usually displaced by about 90 electrical degrees with respect-to the axis of the with both commuted windings connecting them in series along the motor field-axis but they can also be made-to connect sai windings in parallel incase the -wind1n are identical in every respect and stand in reducing the motor field. Tlie excitin rushes can be directly interconnected, or 1 it is desired. to compensate the machine then Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed Mama, me, Serial no. iamoa.

rovide the indiiced member with-.

Patented Dec. 4,1917.

a com ensating E. M. F. must, be introduced into t e motor field circuit. The two sets of working brushes are so arranged that each 'set'can be made to close the induced.

member along the axis of the magnetization produced by the inducing member. m' along an axis displaced therefrom by some angle smaller than electrical (leg1ecs.- One-set 'of brushes cofiperates with one commuted winding 'andthe other set-with the other 5 commuted winding. These two windings. are preferably connected inscries by means of the working brushes, but, if'they are identical in every respect and stand 'in t.he--- sumeindnctive relation with res vvect to the 7 inducin" member, then they can also be 'con- "nect'ed in parallel. The two sets of brushes can be so 'moved as to cause the axis of each- -set. to coincide with-the axis of the-nnig-t netlzation produced by the inducing an I 5 ber, or to be displaced therefrom in opposite directions and to equal amounts.

In another form .I, provide the induced member with but one commuted winding,.

one: setv of exciting brushes displaced 'by 30 about90 electrical degrees from the axislof the magnetlzation produced by the inducing member, and two setsiof movable working brushes arranged .as in the first exanlpleicrbutboth coiiperating with this onecommute winding. '1 connect theseitwo sets mseries relation hy-means of a series tmnsfomnan'f- Figure:- 1 of the v accompanying; drawiiws diagrammatically represents a two-p0 e; u

ase shunt induction 9Q commutator motor embodying myv invention, and; provided "i with two commuted compensated single-up windingsonjtheinduced membenwhile Fig. 2" shows afsimilarfmachine with but one; 1:

commuted winding on'the induced member. 9 5

'Thestator carries a main inducing winds .ingficonnected'to'the mains 2, 3, and also twocoairial auxiliary windings 24 and 28,

thefirStbeinga Phase compensating, the-,1"; nd a -speed regulating, winding. gThBT rotor" is providedwi thtwo commuted-windings fi, 6; each provided witha commuta- 3 tor.' These two commuted .windin nected in seriesalon the motor-fie d'aigis, by;,; means' ofjthelbru es1112,2co8peratin are conv withithe winding 5,a ,nd t e brushes 13, -1

" cooperatinglwith the windin -6,' an'd a compensating derived m thejstator winding 24'is introduced into this'circuit by connect1ng brush 11 a fixed point 25 somewhere about the middle of the winding 24 and brush 1% to some other point of the same winding by means of the movable contact 26. By means of this connection it is possible to vary the magnitude of the'compensating E. M. F. and to change its direction. The working circuit through the two con-m nted windings is formed by means of the working brushes 8, 9, cooperating with the winding 5, and 7, 10 cooperating with the winding 6. In the figure the brushes 8, 9 are adapted to close the winding 5 along an axis displaced in a clockwise direction by 30 degrees from that of the main inducing winding 4, while the brushes 7, are adapted to close the winding 6 along an axis displaced'by degrees from that of 4 in a counter clockwise direction. The brushes 8 and 9 are insnlatingly supported on the arm 15 iivoted concentrically with the motor shait, and the brushes 7', 10 are insulatingly supported by the similarly ivoted arm 10.

Both arms are controlled y the'rod'23, which can be moved longitudinally i n--the fixed support 22 and which is conncctedto the-reckon arms 15, 16 by means' of the links 17, 18 fpivoted at 19," .20'and .21. A move ment 0 the rod 23 to the right will increase the angles by which'the rocker arms 15 and 16 are displaced from the axis 4. an o posite movement of this red will decrease t iese angles. In any case the angle by which one rocker arm is displaced from the axis of 4,.

will always be the same as that by which the other arm 'is displaced from that same axis. The working brushes connect the two rotor commuted wmdings'in series, brush 7 being connected to the brush 9, and an E. M. F. of the same phase as that impressed on' the main inducinghwindiug 4 is conductively impressed on t is rotor circuit, being derived from the speed regulating windin 28 by connecting the brush 10 to a point 2 somewhere near the middle of the winding '28, and the brush 8 to some other point of said winding by'means of the movable contact 29. This connection permits the magnitude of this E. Ml F. to be \ai icdhnd its direction' changed with respect to that of the rotor working E. M. F. Y

in operating t-his'machine for the purpose of adjusting its speed, it is. possible to socure a wide s eed range by simply manipu-' speed of the machine, its power factor on" be adjusted by adjustin the magnitude of the compensating E. M. Z. derived from the winding 24' and impressed on the field circuit of the rotor. The main inducing winding 4, statically induces in each ot the. rotor commuted windin an E. M. F. the maximum value. of wluch appears along an axis coinciding with that 01' 4. Along any other axis only art of the total induced TC. M. l. is Maria le. These statically induced E. M. F.s represent the working l-..-.\l. l"."s in each of these con'unuted wi nlings. The whole or any part of these l). M. R's can be connected in series by means ot brushes. as in the example shown. Their sum is the. tutu. workii. r E. M. F. of the rotor. and its value depencs on the angular displacement of the brush axes from the axis of 4. .\s suming that the brushes 8, 9, as; well as the brushes'7, 10; are located in the axis of t 'and connected in series, then the total work- .ug E. Mp1. fora given iOllllllltll.:\'l )lliljt is N maximum; The speed of theinm-hine will :he a nearly synchronous oneif thebrush cir- -cuit is short circuited, but it .will dii'l'er from the synchronous assooa-nas a regulating E. M. 1 of same phase as that impressed on 4 is conduetivelyj irtrmlucei-l into the brush circuit. If this E. ltL'F. is of the same direction as that statically induced in the rotor by the primary winding 4', then the s wed 'of'the motor will he raised above sync u'onism. If the'dircetion of the regulating E. M. ll'opposes that of the induced workin" E. M. Fl, thcnthe speed otthe motor "will he reduced below the 's \'nch muous, the change in speed depending, on the ratio be- "tween the working E. M. l*. stati Ill induced in'the rotor aml the regulatin l.. M. F. condmtivelv introduced into it. .-\s long as theworking brushes stand in the axis of 4, the maximum value of the E. M. Ffis statically 'imluced-hy 4. in tlie'-='eonumued windings Ii and 6 appears at these brushes. As soon as they are moved so as to contact with the commuted windings along an axis forming' 'an angle with that of Mindy parts -05 the E. M. '.s statically induced in the rotor ap car at these brushes and by displacing t io brushes in the manner shown, I

therefore decrease the effective rotor working F M. and am" thus ahledfo vary the lating the 10( 23, that is, b dis ilacin 'tlie rs )een'of th esmotor, 'n'ovided I, atthe same y l n H awn-king brushes more or less from the axis" t| me;.impress a re of the main iuducing' \vinding while inipressing an alternating current EkM. Fiat constant magnitude on .the rotor working circuit controlled by the movable bri-fihes. A better utilization'of the rotor copper can. however. be secured b also changing"tlie magnitude of the E. h F. conductivelyd'iih pressed on the rotor working circuit p'articnlarly at. speeds considerably 'l elo\\ i 'th e" synchronous. While thus regulatingb'tlre l v I '1 s I circuit and even i I keep s'ame constant. "Quilt will be readily seen from the above exlfuuntin'n that it is not necessary to move "'mlh nets of working brushesgbnt I never- :theless prefer to do so, and when'moving both of,tliein I prefer to displace them to 'cqual extents from the axis 0 the main in- 'ducing winding. If only one set' ot'work- 'ing brushes is moved, or if when both are i'noved they are not displaced to the same 1 ating E. M: I". on this extent, then the rotor working currents will produce a magnetization along the field axis of the machine, and this leads to unwelcome complications.

Whilethe rotor copper is best utilized by making use of both commuted windings for the purpose of producing the motor field, yet the latter can be produced with the help of one of the windin s only.

it will also be understood that it is immaterial just how the regulating or the compensating 'E. M. F. is obtained just so each of these has about the same phase as llcforring to Fig. 2, thestator carries a maininducing winding 4 and two coaxial auxiliary windings 24, 28 of which 24 is; the compensating andv 28 the speed regulating winding. The rotor, carries one commuted winding 6, one set ofexcitin "brushes 13,

14 displaced by 90 electrical e es from theaxis of 4 and two sets 0 .working.

brushes 7, 10 and-8,9. The brushes 7, 10 are insulatingly 'carried by the movable brushrocker arm 16 and the brushes8, 9 are similarly carried by the movable brushrocker arm 15. Each brush set is shown displaced 4 by 30 degrees in opposite directions from the axis of the inducing winding by means of the controlling lever 23 ided in the support 22 and connectedtothe rus'h rocker arms by the links 17,18 pioted at 19, 20, 21. The rotor working circuit comrising the brushes 8, 9 is connected in series relation with the rotor Working circuit 7, 10 by means of the series transformer 80, one winding'32 of which is in circuit with the first,' whilc its winding 81 is in circuit with the second set of wbrkin brushes, and also with the regulating winr ing 28 which is oconnectcd that the magnitude of the regulating E. M. F. can be varied and its direction changed with respect to the other work ing E. M. F. The exciting brushes are connected to the compensating winding '24 in such'a way that the'ma itude of the E. M. F. derived from this winding-can be varied and its direction changed. To 'chan the speed of this machine when a regulating E.

M. F. of a certain value is conducti'fiely im-' that impressed on the main inducing wind- 4. This. displacement can be reduced or increased.

induced member, means for establishing two angularlyulisplaccd working circuits through the induced member, means for changing the angle betwen the axes'of said circuits, and means for conductively supplying an E. M. If. to each of said circuits.

2. In an alternating current motor, the combination of an inducing member, an induced member. means for. establishing two .angularly displaced working circuits through the induced member, means for simultaneously shifting the a. :es of the working circuits to equal extents and in o posite directions, and means forconductive y supplyin an E. M. F. to each or said circuits. 3. fn an alternating current motor, the combination of an inducing'mcmber, an induced member, meansfor establishin an exciting circuit and two anfiularly displaced working circuits through t e induced member, means for changing the angle between the axes of said; working-circuits, and means for conductivelyeupplying an' E.,M. F. to

each of said circui 4. In'an; alternating current motor, the

combination of an inducing member, an induced member, means for establishing an excitin throng the induced member, the working circuits bein angularly displaccd in op circuit, and two working'circuits posite directions and to an ,equal extent from theaxis of the-magnetization pro-- iduccd by the inducing'member, means for changing the angle'between the axes of said circuits and incans'for-conductively supplying an i. M. F.:to'each ofsaid circuits.

5. In' an alternating current motor, the combination of an inducingmeinber, an induced member, means ,for establishing two angularlv displaced working circuits.

through the induced memberconnectedin series relation, means for simultaneously shifting the s tes ,ofthe working circuits to 1 equal extents and. ,in" ,opposite 7 directions, z

and means for conductively; supplying ,an' E. NJ. to each:of sa d circuits.

6. In 'aizalternating current motor,,-the

combination of an indum'g'member, an in-* duced. member, means for establishing two workin circuits through ,Ithe induced} memher one angularlydisj lacedto an equal c t-f tent from the a'xis' of t e magnetizationproduced b {theinducmg membe'r, ineans for establi's ing'an exciting-circuit through the I induced mcniboralong "the :axisf. displaced "by 90 electrical degrees from theLaxis of said magnetization, means for changing the angle between the axes of theworking circuits, and means for conductively. supplyingfanErM. ,F.- to each of said circuits.

7. 'In an alternating current motor, the combination with an inducing member, of an induced member providedwith two sets,

of working brushes,-each stofbrushes being positioned at an angle to the timgnetiza;

tion produced by the inducing member, means for sinuiltaneously shifting the axes of both sets of working brushes to equal extents and inopposite direction and menus for conduetirelv supplying an- M. F. to each set of working brushes.

8. In nu alternating current.motor, the combination of an inducing member, an induced member, menus for establishing "an exciting circuit and two angularly displaced working circuits through the induced member, means for changing the angle between the -nxes of said working circuits, means for conductively supplying an E. M. l. to each of said circuits, and menus for varying the magnitude of saidE. \l. F.s.

0. In an alternating current motor, .the combination with an induciugmember, of an induced .member provided with a commuted winding, exciting brushes and two sets of working brushes cooperating with said winding, each set of working brushes being positioned ut-an angle to the magnetization produced by the induced member, means for.v simultaneously.shifting the axes of both sets of working brushes to equal extents and in opposite directions,

and means for couductivel supplying an 1' \I. F. to enclrset of war ting brushes.

10. In 'an alternating currentmotor, the combination with an inducingmember, of

inn induced memberprovidedwith a com;

muted winding, exciting brushes and. two

sets of working brushes, cooperating with said winding, each set of working brushes" being positioncdat an angle to'the magnetizatlion rPX'OdllCCd by theindu'ced member-,- and connected 'in' series, relation, means for; simultimeousl' 'shiftinggthe axesof both sets of working brushes ,to equal extents and. in opposite directions, and means for conduct-ively su plying an E. M. F. to each-set; of working )rushes'.- z

an induced member provided with a commuted winding, exciting brushes and two sets of working brushes cooperating with said winding, each set of working brushes being positioned at an angle to the magnetization means or simultaneously shifting the axes of both sets of working brushes to equal extents'aud in opposite directions, means for conductively supplying an E. M. F. to each set of working brushes, and means for im pressing a compensatinglfi. M. F. on the exciting brushes.

12. In an alternatin current motor, the combination with an inducing member, of an induced'member provided with a coinmuted winding, exciting brushes and two sets of working brushes cooperating with said winding, each set of working brushes being positioned at an angle to the magneti-r zation roduced by the induced member and connected m-series relation, means for simu]teneously-shifting the axes of both sets ofworking brushes to equal extents and in opposite directions, means for eonductively supplying an E. M. F. to each set of worknr' brushes, means for varying the magnitude of said E. 'M. F., and means for impressing a compensating E. M. F. on the exciting brushes.

13. 1n an alternating current motor, the combination 0 an inducing member, an induced member, means for establishing two angularly displaced='working circuits through the induced member,-means for sinu ltan'eously. shifting the axes of the working circuits ,to equal extents and in opposupplying to each of said circuits an E. M. IQisubstnntinlly cophasal with the EJM. F.

impressed on theinducing member.

site directions, and means for eonductivelv--- reduced by the inducing member,

lntestiuuiuy whereof, I have hereunto set.v

. i my hand and allixed. my seal. 11. In an alternating 'current.motor, the combinationwith an inducing L member, 0t

QVALEREA FYN-NQ its 

